2021年5月北京成考學(xué)位英語真題及答案

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Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.

As any parent with more than one kid knows, sibling(兄弟姐妹)relationships canbe complicated, at times differing between being close friends and rivals.

Sibling rivaling in particular can be a challenge to deal with in normal times, butwith many families spending more time together than ever because of the worldwidepandemic(大流行病)in 2020 and online(在線的)schooling, that can create even moretension in some sibling relationships.

(76) “Sibling rivalry is hard to deal with.” Rebecca Kennedy says. “The first stepis realizing that kids do often see siblings as rivals. It’s tough to have a siblingbecause at the end of the day a sibling is, in some ways, competing for the scarceresource of parents’ attention or love.”

One thing that parents can do to remove jealousy and rivalry is to help each childfeel valued in his or her specialness. Janine Domingues says: “Fix some space – it’syour brother’s day today and tomorrow’s going to be yours. That can create a healthy relationship with parents and siblings. The more attention children feel from parents,the more connected they feel to the parents and actually the more likely they’ll see siblings as friends and not rivals.”

(77) The other is to avoid comparing siblings with each other. It’s easy for someparents to try to encourage one child by comparing him or her with a sibling. ButKennedy suggests that parents should look at how much they’re reinforcingcompetition by pitting siblings against each other. She says: “Sometimes it feels likethe easier way to get a child to do something that a sibling is doing, but we are then getting them into gazing at each other as rivals again, rather than as friends.”

1. An obvious fact with siblings is that ______.

A. they seldom see each other as friends

B. they never see each other as close friends

C. they always see each other as enemies

D. they sometimes see each other as competitors

2. Which of the following statements about Paragraph 2 is TRUE?

A. The pandemic has made sibling relationships normal.

B. The pandemic has reduced the tension for siblings to do online schooling.

C. The pandemic has helped to make sibling relationships closer.

D. The pandemic has increased the toughness for siblings to get along.

3. The reason for sibling rivalry is that siblings usually ______.

A. compete for parents’ attention or love

B. endure being compared with each other

C. like to do something that parents are doing

D. differ between close friends and rivals

4. The word pitting in the last paragraph probably means making someone ______.

A. create

B. reinforce

C. compete

D. encourage

5. The passage is mainly about______.

A. sibling competition and parents’ attention

B. sibling rivalry and the solution

C. sibling equality and the approach

D. sibling closeness and family love

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.

When asked about the possibility of future pandemics, scientists say another one is coming and it's just a matter of when.

In fact, there are about 1.7 million viruses(病毒) that are believed to exist in animals, and nearly half could potentially jump from animals to humans and kick off another pandemic. Finding ways to prevent that is the motivation driving a team of researchers at the University of California at Davis. They are trying to help the world’s scientists determine how dangerous each virus might be by ranking its likelihood of being transmitted( 傳 染 )to humans and changing into a form that humans could easily pass to one another.

The team has launched a web-based tool called Spillover. It evaluates 32 risk factors to generate a risk score. “We looked at viruses known to be transmissible from animals to humans and those that were newly discovered,” says Zoe Grange, who worked on the project as a wildlife disease scientist. By marking “high-risk” viruses,this publicly available database is intended to create a watchlist (觀察名單) for scientists and policymakers.

(78) Grange and her colleagues came up with the idea of a ranking tool in the spring of 2017. The Spillover database is designed so that researchers can add their own reports. They can add their virus discoveries and do their own rankings. (79) It’s a tool everyone can use. Unlike other tools that evaluate the risk of a limited number of viruses,this database focuses on 887 viruses found in wildlife. SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus behind COVID-19, comes in second place for its likelihood to cause disease and spread within human populations.

6. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. The Possibility of Future Pandemics

B. The SpillOver Database

C. Major Threats to Global Health

D. Animals Spreading Viruses

7. According to the passage, about ______viruses could possibly jump from animals to

humans.

A. 1.7 million

B. 850,000

C. 2017

D. 887

8. The phrase kick off in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.

A. avoid

B. control

C. start

D. report

9. With SpillOver, scientists can ______.

A. prevent the next pandemic

B. discover more viruses in nature

C. find effective ways to fight the viruses

D. pay close attention to high-risk viruses

10. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A. Scientists say it’s only a matter of time before another pandemic happens.

B. Researchers can add their virus discoveries to the SpillOver database.

C. SpillOver ranks viruses in terms of risk factors.

D. SpillOver evaluates the risk of a limited number of viruses.

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

Fried food is delicious, but it comes with baggage --studies have shown that it can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke(中風(fēng)). Ever since air fryers(空氣炸鍋)came out, they have been ranked as “must-have home cooker” status, and it’s been easier than ever to eat vegetables, fish and meat that taste like they’ve been deep fried.To learn the benefits of air frying, we spoke to some food specialists from around the country.

Let’s not shrink the miracle of air frying: It’s having your cake and eating it too."Air fryers are one of the best ways to get the same taste of fried foods without the unhealthiness that comes along with them,” Bansari Acharya said. “It preserves the good things in the food items as it isn’t exposed to hot oil. It also reduces the amount of various fats in foods, lowering the risk for heart disease.”

When compared with deep frying, air frying is clearly the healthier choice. That’s because deep frying involves using too much oil while air frying simply uses heat and a powerful fan to efficiently and evenly cook the food in your fryer. It requires zero oil,though some can be helpful. “Since food prepared in an air fryer requires hardly any cooking oil, it has a lot less fat than traditional frying methods,” Morgyn Clair said.

“The healthiest way to air fry is to use as little oil as possible. Use just enough so your food doesn’t stick.”

(80) The type of food you’re air frying can make a difference when it comes to your health. Certain foods can tum more nutritious(有營養(yǎng)的)when air fried, such as potatoes, corn and beans and so on while other foods like meat can become harmful to your health.

11. The word baggage in Paragraph I probably means ______.

A. bag

B. pack

C. flavor

D. burden

12. Which of the following statements is TRUE about air fryers?

A. Air fryers have been regarded as necessary in the kitchen.

B. Air fryers need much more oil in cooking a vegetable.

C. Air fryers can only be used for deep frying.

D. Air fryers can increase fat in food.

13. The miracle of air fryers is that ______.

A. they can achieve the deep fried taste with hardly any oil

B. they can preserve the nutritious elements in food by using oil

C. they can work more efficiently than traditional frying tools

D. they can also fry cakes but the size does not shrink

14. Which of the following can be the title of this passage?

A. Air Fryers Reducing Heart Disease

B. Deep Frying and Air Fryers

C. Air Fryers and Fried Food

D. Advantages of Air Fryers

15. According to Morgyn Clair, ______.

A. air frying is healthier because it needs some special oil

B. air frying is the best choice because it involves using much less oil

C. air frying does not differ from deep frying

D. air frying does not provide the deep fried taste

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)

16. Not until he talked to them ______ that he had been wrong.

A. did he realize

B. he realized

C. has he realized

D. he didn’t realize

17. It is because she is too young ______ she does not know how to deal with the situation.

A. so

B. that

C. so that

D. therefore

18. Alice, together with two boys, ______ for having broken the school rule.

A. was punished

B. were punished

C. punished

D. being punished

19. After living in Hong Kong for fifty years, he returned to the small town ______ he was born and grew up as a child.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. when

20. The moon gives ______ no light of its own.

A. off

B. up

C. in

D. away

21. The announcement says that the class meeting will be ______ at 7 o’clock Tuesday

evening.

A. taken

B. made

C. placed

D. held

22. The price of sea food is very ______ during the Spring Festival.

A. expensive

B. high

C. valuable

D. worthy

23. I suggest that you ______ him go out if he wants to.

A. promise

B. agree

C. let

D. allow

24. She cleans her room once a week, and it usually ______her two hours to do it.

A. spends

B. works

C. takes

D. passes

25. We’ve run ______ paper and ink. Please go and ask Miss Elaine to lend us some.

A. away with

B. out of

C. off

D. down

26. I hate those people who think they are superior _____ me without any reason.

A. at

B. on

C. to

D. than

27. -When did you work in that company?

- I worked there _____2009 and 2012.

A. from

B. to

C. between

D. till

28. Food and shelter are _____ for human beings.

A. special

B. especial

C. essential

D. exceptional

29. Mary wouldn’t have made such a stupid mistake if she_____ in such a hurry.

A. has been

B. hasn’t been

C. had been

D. hadn’t been

30. Henry _____ in that factory for almost 40 years by now.

A. has been working

B. had been working

C. works

D. worked

31. -Must we hand in our homework today?

- _____.

A. No, you mustn’t

B. No, you shouldn’t

C. No, you wouldn’t

D. No, you needn’t

32. We didn’t _____ the weather to change so quickly.

A. extend

B. expect

C. expand

D. explain

33. One of my friends _____ the news just now.

A. afforded me

B. afforded me of

C. informed me

D. informed me of

34. There is no use ______ on a person who has no sense of responsibility.

A. to rely

B. relying

C. relied

D. rely

35. He is the _____ boy in our class.

A. longest

B. highest

C. widest

D. tallest

36. Can you _____the difference between these two pictures?

A. say

B. talk

C. tell

D. speak

37. I was shocked at the magnificent scene _____ lay before my eyes.

A. what

B. which

C. where

D. when

38. The police are looking _____ the crime.

A. up

B. at

C. in

D. into

39. They haven’t finished their homework _____.

A. still

B. also

C. neither

D. yet

40. Peter _____sadly as he failed for the second time.

A. sighed

B. signed

C. signaled

D. surprised

41. Among these foreign students, _____of them are from English-speaking countries.

A. two third

B. two three

C. two thirds

D. two threes

42. When I first met Jenny three years ago, she _____ at a big company.

A. has worked

B. was working

C. had been working

D. had worked

43. Something is wrong with my phone. I must go and have it _____.

A. repair

B. repairing

C. to repair

D. repaired

44. The students are busy _____ for the final examination right now.

A. prepare

B. preparing

C. to prepare

D. to be prepared

45. It was a lovely day yesterday. I wish I _____at the seaside with you then.

A. were

B. had been

C. should be

D. shall have been

Part III Identification (10%)

46. People who exercise get better sleep and often feel more energetic than those who doesn’t.

A B C D

47. Just alike each culture has a different spoken language, so each culture has a different body language.

A B C D

48. Parents should remember that be friends with their children is a better way to know them.

A B C D

49. The moment I saw him, I knew that he was an honestly gentleman.

A B C D

50. No sooner had he arrived in New York when he went to see the great buildings

A B C D

51. Collecting toy cars as a hobby become increasingly popular during the past 50 years.

A B C D

52. This is such a beautiful day that everyone around us feel like going out for a walk.

A B C D

53. The goods we use today aren’t as well as they used to be.

A B C D

54. Of the two lectures, the first was by far the best one, partly because the person who delivered it had such a sweet voice.

A B C D

55. During World War II, five million women were left lonely to take care of their homes.

A B C D

Part IV Cloze (10%)

For some behaviors in animals, there is little proof for strong genetic ( 基因的 ) determination. Not only are there many environmental and historical changes inbehavior patterns, 56 we also know that some of them are passed on from onegeneration to the 57 . They are “cultural”.

The term “culture” here 58 social traditions. One 59 of animal culture is the well-studied food-handling behavior of the group of Japanese monkeys living 60 the small, wooded island of Koshima. These monkeys 61 to live in the forests, but Japanese researchers came and started to feed them by 62 sweet potatoes on the sandy beach. Soon, the monkeys began to leave the forests and 63 the sweet potatoes on the beach. About a year 64 the feeding started, a young female monkey was 65 to wash the potatoes in a nearby river. She actively and successfully 66 the sand on them. Within the next few years, potato-washing spread 67 the group, and the practice was carried 68 from the river to the sea. 69 potato-washing in the sea, several other habits 70 with feeding on the sandy beach are now well established in the monkey group. The habits are passed from mothers and other group members to the babies.

Japanese monkeys are not the only animals to have 71 their behaviors. In many cities and towns, European red foxes have successfully changed some of their behaviors in 72 to get used to their new city life over a short period of time.Obviously, this is not the 73 of the selection of genes. The same is 74 of common racoons (浣熊) in America. The course of the evolution (進(jìn)化) of behavior cannot be adequately described and understood without 75 “culture” as an active factor. The cultural factor affects the selection of genes.

56. A. so B. or C. as D. but

57. A. next B. past C. last D. prior

58. A. refers B. tells C. means D. offers

59. A. lesson B. passage C. example D. response

60. A. with B. on C. for D. in

61. A. decided B. used C. refused D. hoped

62. A. sweeping B. planting C. watering D. scattering

63. A. eat B. touch C. drop D. buy

64. A. after B. before C. because D. though

65. A. expected B. designed C. surprised D. observed

66. A. impressed B. removed C. covered D. replaced

67. A. with B. beside C. through D. outside

68. A. out B. in C. above D. at

69. A. Above B. Despite C. Except D. Besides

70. A. associating B. associated C. explaining D. explained

71. A. reduced B. left C. altered D. forgot

72. A. sight B. addition C. memory D. order

73. A. result B. mind C. tool D. threat

74. A. wrong B. true C. right D. false

75. A. developing B. searching C. considering D. remembering

Part V Translation (20%)

Section A

76. Sibling rivalry is hard to deal with.

77. The other is to avoid comparing siblings with each other.

78. Grange and her colleagues came up with the idea of a ranking tool in the spring of 2017.

79. It’s a tool everyone can use.

80. The type of food you’re air frying can make a difference when it comes to your health.

Section B

81. 通常他十二點(diǎn)才上床睡覺。

82. 因?yàn)檫@幾天很忙，所以他今天不會來了。

83. 令我們驚訝的是，他今天沒有來學(xué)校。

84. 她聽到孩子在大聲哭泣。

85. 一下火車，我就看見媽媽在車站等我。

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參考答案

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)

1. D. they sometimes see each other as competitors

2. D. The pandemic has increased the toughness for siblings to get along.

3. A. compete for parents’ attention or love

4. C. compete

5. B. sibling rivalry and the solution

6. B. The SpillOver Database

7. B. 850,000

8. C. start

9. D. pay close attention to high-risk viruses

10. D. SpillOver evaluates the risk of a limited number of viruses.

11. D. burden

12. A. Air fryers have been regarded as necessary in the kitchen.

13. A. they can achieve the deep fried taste with hardly any oil

14. D. Advantages of Air Fryers

15. B. air frying is the best choice because it involves using much less oil

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)

16. A. did he realize

17. B. that

18. A. was punished

19. C. where

20. A. off

21. D. held

22. B. high

23. C. let

24. C. takes

25. B. out of

26. C. to

27. C. between

28. C. essential

29. D. hadn’t been

30. A. has been working

31. D. No, you needn’t

32. B. expect

33. D. informed me of

34. B. relying

35. D. tallest

36. C. tell

37. B. which

38. D. into

39. D. yet

40. A. sighed

41. C. two thirds

42. B. was working

43. D. repaired

44. B. preparing

45. B. had been

Part III Identification (10%)

46. D. doesn’t

47. A. alike

48. B. be

49. D. honestly

50. C. when

51. C. become

52. C. feel

53. C. as well as

54. B. the best

55. C. lonely

Part IV Cloze (10%)

56. D. but

57. A. next

58. C. means

59. C. example

60. B. on

61. B. used

62. D. scattering

63. A. eat

64. A. after

65. D. observed

66. B. removed

67. C. through

68. A. out

69. D. Besides

70. B. associated

71. C. altered

72. D. order

73. A. result

74. B. true

75. C. considering

Part V Translation (20%)

76. 兄弟姐妹之間爭寵很難處理。

77. 另一個(gè)是避免把兄弟姐妹相互比較。

78. 2017 年春天，Grange 和她的同事提出了一個(gè)排名工具的想法。

79. 這是一個(gè)每個(gè)人都可以用的工具。

80. 空氣煎炸的食物種類會對你的健康有影響。

81. He usually goes to bed at 12 o’clock.

82. He is so busy these days that he will not come today.

83. To our surprise, he didn’t come to school today.

84. She heard the baby crying loudly.

85. As soon as I got off the train, I saw my mother waiting for me at the station.