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        考博英語(yǔ)詞匯與語(yǔ)法練習(xí)(十九)

        考博英語(yǔ) 責(zé)任編輯:胡陸 2020-03-28

        李老師

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        2026年考博英語(yǔ)考試

        摘要:考博英語(yǔ)詞匯語(yǔ)法題是各博士招生院校常考題型之一,希賽網(wǎng)考博英語(yǔ)為整理了考博英語(yǔ)詞匯語(yǔ)法題練習(xí)供考博生們參考練習(xí),希望能為大家在考博中提供到幫助。更多考博相關(guān)信息,請(qǐng)關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)考博英語(yǔ)頻道。

        1. The atmosphere ________ of certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.

        A) composes

        B) comprises

        C) consists

        D) constitutes

        2. While he was in the office he________ doing something to doing nothing.

        A) preferred

        B) liked

        C) favoured

        D) approved

        3. Metals________ when cooled and expand when heated.

        A) decrease

        B) reduce

        C) condense

        D) contract

        4. Take your raincoat with you________ it rains.

        A) by chance

        B) in case

        C) at large

        D) on occasion

        5. He was afraid he would have to________ her invitation to the party.

        A) refute

        B) refuse

        C) reject

        D) decline

        6.At the Committee last Saturday the following proposal was agreed________ by those present.

        A) to

        B) with

        C) over

        D) at

        7. We went to see the exhibition________ the storm.

        A) but for

        B) in spite of

        C) for the sake of

        D) instead of

        8.To my surprise, at yesterday’s meeting he again brought________ the plan that had been disapproved a week before.

        A) about

        B) out

        C) back

        D) up

        9. The doctor took X-rays to________ the chance of broken bones.

        A) make sure

        B) rule out

        C) break down

        D) knock out

        10. He felt it rather difficult to take a stand________ the opinion of the majority.

        A) for

        B) against

        C) to

        D) by

        11.He has behaved in the most extraordinary way recently; I can’t________ his behaving like that at all.

        A) look into

        B) break through

        C) account for

        D) get over

        12. How did it come________ that you made a lot of mistakes in your homework?

        A) about

        B) along

        C) around

        D) by

        13. He could produce no evidence________ his argument.

        A) in respect of

        B) in view of

        C) in support of

        D) on account of

        14.The government should________ with the irrational regulations restricting drinking hours.

        A) break away

        B) come up

        C) get away

        D) do away

        15. I know him well enough to accept his explanation________ .

        A) without question

        B) by all means

        C) at any cost

        D) in any case

        16. It was a small country house, but it was large________ urban standards.

        A) at

        B) for

        C) by

        D) from

        17.The travellers sought shelter________ the rain and happened to find a road-side inn.

        A) from

        B) against

        C) for

        D) with

        18. All our attempts to________ the child from drowning were in vain.

        A) regain

        B) recover

        C) reserve

        D) rescue

        19. This is the first draft of the book. Please feel perfectly free to________ it.

        A) deal with

        B) comment on

        C) cope with

        D) dwell on

        20. I was always taught that it was________ to interrupt.

        A) rude

        B) coarse

        C) rough

        D) crude

        參考答案:

        1. 答案C.consist of“由……組成(或構(gòu)成)”(作此義解時(shí)該短語(yǔ)只有主動(dòng)態(tài),沒(méi)有被動(dòng)態(tài),不能說(shuō)be consisted of)compose vt . “(若干部分)構(gòu)成(整體)”(其被動(dòng)態(tài)be consisted of 與consist of 同義)comprise vt. “包括,包含,由……組成;組成,構(gòu)成”(該詞相當(dāng)于compose和be composed of兩個(gè)意思)constitute vt .“組成,構(gòu)成,形成”

        2. 答案A.prefer vt .“更喜歡”(常使用的正確句型是:prefer A to B; prefer doing A to doing B; prefer to do A rather than [to] do B;prefer that sb[should] do sth)like和favour兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞后面都可以跟-ing,但不用like/favour(doing) A to (doing) B句型approve vt .“贊成,同義;批準(zhǔn),核準(zhǔn)”

        3. 答案D. Contract v.“收縮,縮小,縮短”(如contract one's muscles; One's muscles contract.)decrease v.“減小,減少”reduce vt .“減少,縮小”

        4. 答案B.in case “以防萬(wàn)一,假如”(后面直接跟從句,從句謂語(yǔ)多用一般時(shí)態(tài),也可用should/may+原形動(dòng)詞,但不直接用原形動(dòng)詞;美國(guó)人常把in case+從句放在句首,表示“如果”,如In case I forget,please remind me about it;但有時(shí)in case可以單獨(dú)用,后面不跟從句,表示“以防出現(xiàn)萬(wàn)一”,如

        It may not rain,but you had better take an umbrella just in case.)by chance“偶然,碰巧”at large(標(biāo)語(yǔ))“(罪犯)逍遙法外的,未被捕獲的”;(作后置定語(yǔ))“大多數(shù)的”(如students at large)on occasion“有時(shí),間或”

        5. 答案D。deline vt.“婉辭,謝絕(邀請(qǐng));不愿(做某事)”(后面跟不定式);vi.“下降,減少,衰落”△refuse vt.“批駁,駁斥,駁倒”(賓語(yǔ)可以是人或某人的論點(diǎn))refuse vt.“拒絕(給予或接受)”(句型:refuse sth/to-V)reject vt.“拒絕,駁回;據(jù)納,退回”(后面只能跟名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ),不跟其他句型)

        6. 答案A。agree to sth :“同意,贊成”(相當(dāng)于consent to,其賓語(yǔ)可以是極化、辦法、措施、方案等名詞);agree后面還常跟with/on: agree with sb/sb’ opinion“同意某人的看法”;agree with 另一個(gè)??嫉囊馑际恰斑m合于<某人>”,常以食物或天氣作主語(yǔ),(如The weather/Sea food doesn’t agree with me .)agree on “(在某問(wèn)題上)取得一致意見(jiàn)“;agree with sb. about/on/over sth”在……上同意某人的看法”;不說(shuō)agree at sth

        7. 答案B。in spite of “雖然,盡管;不顧”but for“若不是”(多用于引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非真實(shí)的條件)for the sake of “為了,為了……的利益,看在……的份上”instead of“而不,作為……的替代”

        8. 答案D. bring up“(在會(huì)上)提出(問(wèn)題供討論或引起注意);培養(yǎng),教育(子女)”bring about sth“引起,導(dǎo)致”bring out“使顯出;出版,推出”bring back“帶回來(lái)”

        9. 答案D。rule out“排除(可能性)”make sure(that…/to do sth) “查明,弄確實(shí);務(wù)必(做某事)”break down“損壞;(身體)垮下來(lái);(機(jī)器)出故障”,knock out“擊昏,擊倒”

        10. 答案B。take a stand for/against sth“對(duì)……表明態(tài)度支持/反對(duì)”(注:take a stand后面不跟to/by sth)

        11. 答案C。account for“說(shuō)明或解釋(原因);說(shuō)明(錢是怎么花的);占……(多大部分)”(如account for one’s absence from class; account for the money spent; Women account for half of the population.)look into“調(diào)查,了解”break through“突破,突圍”get over“克服(困難);解決(問(wèn)題);從(疾病、失望、震驚中)恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)”

        12. 答案A。come(about)“發(fā)生,造成”(多用于how疑問(wèn)句中,也可用于陳述句,在非正式英語(yǔ)中還可簡(jiǎn)化為How come +從句?如How come you were late for class yesterday?)come along“進(jìn)行,進(jìn)展;(機(jī)會(huì))出現(xiàn);(用在祈使句中)趕快,快點(diǎn)”come around“蘇醒;順訪”come by sth=get obtain“得到”

        13. 答案C.in support of(狀語(yǔ))“支持,證明”in respect of/with respect to“至于,關(guān)于”in view of“由于,鑒于;考慮到”on account of(狀語(yǔ))“由于,因?yàn)椤?/p>

        14. 答案D。do away with sth“廢除,消除,去掉;干掉,處理掉”break away(from)“突然離開(kāi),突然逃掉;與……決裂;改掉(壞習(xí)慣)”(不說(shuō)break away with)come up with“提出,提供,想出(主意、辦法、方案等)”get away with“攜帶……而逃”

        15. 答案A。without question“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地,毫無(wú)異議地;不加懷疑地”(作狀語(yǔ)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或放在be后面修飾表語(yǔ),如He can do the work well without question; He is without question the best player on the team.還可以說(shuō)beyond question“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),確定無(wú)疑”,不過(guò)該短語(yǔ)一般作表語(yǔ)或修飾表語(yǔ))by all means“盡一切辦法;務(wù)必”at any cost/at all costs“不惜任何代價(jià),無(wú)論如何”on any case“無(wú)論如何,不管怎樣”

        16. 答案C。by…standards“按照……的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)衡量”(不與其他三個(gè)介詞搭配)

        17. 答案A。shelter n.“掩蔽處,躲避處;掩蔽,保護(hù)”(seek/take/find sheler from the rain or other dangers“宣召避雨<或躲避其它危險(xiǎn)>的地方”,do sth under shelter of“在……的掩護(hù)下做某事”,可以說(shuō)seek/take shelter in…for the night“在…過(guò)夜”;shelter不與against/with搭配)

        18. 答案D。rescue vt./n/“營(yíng)救,援救”(rescue sb from“把……從……救出”;come/go to sb’s rescue“前去營(yíng)救某人”)○regain vt.“重新獲得,收復(fù),恢復(fù)”recover vt.“重新獲得,重新找到;收回,挽回”reserve vt.“保留,留存;預(yù)定(座位)”

        19. 答案B. comment on sth “對(duì)……發(fā)表評(píng)論”deal with sth“處理;論述;涉及”cope with sth(difficult)“(設(shè)法)對(duì)付,應(yīng)付(困難的問(wèn)題或局面)”△dwell on/upon sth“詳述,強(qiáng)調(diào);老是想著(某事)”

        20.答案A。rude adj.“粗魯?shù)?,不禮貌的;粗糙的,簡(jiǎn)陋的(工具等)”(如a rude child; rude behavior; rude remarks; rude tools)coarse adj.“粗糙的(材料、質(zhì)地);粗俗的(語(yǔ)言、舉止)”rough adj.“粗糙的(材料);粗魯?shù)?,粗暴的(行為?粗略的,大致的:crude adj.”天然的,未加工的;簡(jiǎn)陋的,粗糙的“

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