語法的復(fù)習(xí)是比較枯燥的，同時(shí)對于參加博士生入學(xué)考試的學(xué)員來說，基礎(chǔ)語法的學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)是很久之前的事情了。要想在短期內(nèi)提高語法基本功，最理想的辦法就是復(fù)習(xí)語法知識和做題。以下是小編為大家整理分享的考博英語常見的語法知識點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，希望能給大家提供幫助。

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。可以從兩個(gè)方面來理解：1 過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

E.g. They were playing football at ten o’clock yesterday morning.

My mother was cooking when I got home.

I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday.

2 過去某階段持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

What were you doing during the holiday?

另外，在復(fù)合句中，若主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.

其結(jié)構(gòu)是助動(dòng)詞be的過去形式was/were +v-ing.

其句式變化仍然要在be上做文章。

E.g. We were working in class.

We weren’t working in class.

Were you working in class?

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語連用，如 last night， at that time， at noon yesterday， last Sunday 等。 也有時(shí)沒有時(shí)間狀語，要通過上下文的暗示來確定用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.

做題時(shí)常見錯(cuò)誤如下：

一、易把be+現(xiàn)在分詞記成be+過去分詞

例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.

答案：was talking

解析：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)上的區(qū)別體現(xiàn)在be動(dòng)詞上。

二、丟掉be動(dòng)詞或忘記把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞

例：1 I watching (watch) TV when he came in.

2 They were play (play) games at 5：00 p.m. yesterday.

答案：1 was watching　 2 were playing

解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“be+現(xiàn)在分詞，缺一不可”的規(guī)律也可應(yīng)用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

三、對動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問時(shí)丟掉doing

例：We were flying kites at 5：00 p.m. yesterday. (對劃線部分提問)

What were you at 5：00 p.m. yesterday?

答案：What were you doing at 5：00 p.m. yesterday?

解析：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中“What……doing……”?句式同樣適用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

四、易與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)弄混

例：My mother is cooking (cook)when I got home.

答案：was cooking

解析：這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的共同點(diǎn)是都表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，但現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)前提是現(xiàn)在，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)前提是過去，由when I got home可看出前提是過去。

五、易與一般過去時(shí)弄混

例：昨晚我在讀一本故事書。

I read (read) a story book yesterday evening.

答案：was reading

解析：這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的共同點(diǎn)是都用于表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。但過去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而一般過去時(shí)則表示過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，它表示的動(dòng)作往往已經(jīng)完成?！霸凇闭f明正在進(jìn)行，而“I read a story book yesterday evening.”的意思是昨晚我讀了一本故事書，言下之意已經(jīng)讀完了。故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

另外，在賓語從句中當(dāng)主句為過去時(shí)，從句若是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，需變成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

e.g. He said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday.

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