考博英語(yǔ)詞匯與語(yǔ)法題一般測(cè)試要求一般包括以下幾個(gè)：考生掌握詞匯、短語(yǔ)及基本語(yǔ)法概念的熟練程度；要求考生掌握并能正確運(yùn)用從事學(xué)術(shù)研究與交流所需要的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)；認(rèn)知15000詞，并且能正確、熟練地運(yùn)用其中的8000個(gè)單詞及其最基本的搭配。為幫助大家更好的復(fù)習(xí)這類題型，希賽網(wǎng)考博英語(yǔ)頻道為大家整理了“考博英語(yǔ)詞匯語(yǔ)法題?？贾R(shí)點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：賓語(yǔ)從句”，一起來練習(xí)下吧。

1.在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句可作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可做介詞的賓語(yǔ)。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))

He asks him how long Mike has been down . (動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))

Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語(yǔ))

2. 賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三類：

(1) 以that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主要用來引導(dǎo)句形式的賓語(yǔ)從句， that可以省略。eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on.

She told me (that) she would like to go with us.

(2) 以連接代詞which, what, who等或連接副詞how, where, why 等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句是陳述語(yǔ)序

eg, Could you tell me what's the matter with u?

I want to know how soon it will begin.

(3) 以 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句, 主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句同樣是陳述語(yǔ)序

eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .

3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

(1) 當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、或一般將來時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句可用所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)。

eg, I want to know what time he got up this morning.

You are telling me that you won't stop until tomorrow?

(2) 當(dāng)主句為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)， 從句要用于過去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。

eg,They asked what Jean was doing now .

Linda said that the train had left.

(3) 當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

eg, Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound.

Polly said no news is a good news

注意：一般情況下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情況例外。

1. 當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether 不用if

eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.

2. 引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或 not 連用時(shí)， 只用whether.

eg, Please let me know what to do next.

Could you tell me whether u go or not?

3. if當(dāng)如果講時(shí)， 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句， 這時(shí)不能用whether.

e,g, You can't work the plan out if you don't have the meeting .

注意點(diǎn)一：引導(dǎo)詞

賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞常常有以下三種：由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來的賓語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞為that，that在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中可省略;由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來的賓語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞為if或whether;由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來的賓語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞為句子本身的特殊疑問詞，即what，when，where等。如：

I think(that)he will come here by train.我認(rèn)為他會(huì)坐火車來這兒的。He asked me whether I know his new address.他問我是否知道他新地址。I want to know when you got back home yesterday. 我想知道你昨天什么時(shí)候到家的。

注意點(diǎn)二：語(yǔ)序

賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序，即“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+其他”。也就是說，將疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一定要將疑問句語(yǔ)序轉(zhuǎn)變成陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：

Can you tell me what he will do tomorrow? 你能告訴我他明天將要做什么?

【友情提示】當(dāng)疑問句在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變。如：

Do you know what makes him so excited? 你知道什么事使他如此興奮嗎?

I don’t know what is wrong with him. 我不知道他出什么事了。

注意點(diǎn)三：時(shí)態(tài)

主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，則賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用任意的時(shí)態(tài);但主句為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句則要用過去的相對(duì)應(yīng)的某種時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

She tells me that she will come by bus. 她說她將要坐公交車來。

She told me that she would come by bus. 她說她將要坐公交車來。

【友情提示】如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是客觀真理或是科學(xué)事實(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。如：

Our teacher told us that the sun is much bigger than the moon.

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1.---Do you know when the World Cup ________ next week?

--- Next Friday. When it ________, I will ring you.

A. begins, begins B. begins, will begin

C. will begin, will begin D. will begin, begins

2.--- Today or tomorrow?

--- What are you talking about?

--- We are talking about _______ to give a talk on WTO.

A. how B. where C. when D. what

3. I wonder _________.

A. where does he live B. where he live C. he lives where D. where he lives

4. --- Are you sure you have to ? It's been very late.

--- I don't know _____ I can do it if not now.

A. where B. why C. when D. how

5. ---Would you please tell me _________?

--- In a small village near Niingbo.

A. where was your mother born B. where your mother was born

C. when was your mother born D. when your mother was born

6. The photograph will show you ________.

A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

7. --- Can you guess if they _______ to play basketball with us?

--- I think they'll come if they _________ free.

A.will come, will be B. will come, are C. come, are D. come, will be

8. ---Where does he come from ?

--- Pardon?

--- I asked where_________.

A…. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from

9. She wondered __________.

A. how much he cost the computer B. how much he paid for the computer

C. how much the computer will cost him D. how much did he spend on the computer

10. ---Do you know ________?

--- I'm not sure. Maybe he is a businessman.

A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he do

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