考博英語(yǔ)翻譯題一般包括英譯漢題、漢譯英題。其中漢譯英要求考生能將一篇社會(huì)、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)或科技類漢語(yǔ)短文譯成英語(yǔ)，要求譯文忠實(shí)原文，無(wú)明顯誤譯、漏譯；譯文通順，用詞正確、表達(dá)基本無(wú)誤，無(wú)明顯語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤；總量為150個(gè)左右漢字。英譯漢要求考生能將一篇英語(yǔ)社會(huì)、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技等為背景的英語(yǔ)短文譯成漢語(yǔ)，要求譯文忠實(shí)原文，無(wú)明顯誤譯、漏譯；譯文通順，用詞正確、表達(dá)基本無(wú)誤，無(wú)明顯語(yǔ)病；總量為100個(gè)左右單詞。為幫助大家更好的備考這類翻譯題型，小編為大家整理了部分院校的往年考博英語(yǔ)翻譯真題（中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院），一起來(lái)練習(xí)下吧。

Direction: write your translations in the blue book provided．

Part A

Translate into good Chinese the underlined sentences only. (15％)

We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinctions drawn between them. [1.］But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with the different types of culture known to us, scientific discoveries, and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the end of the century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically changing the roles, responsibilities, and specific characteristics attributed to each sex; and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be “beyond dispute.”

We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the nineteenth century to the 1960s. [2.］he role distinction, raised in some cases to the status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model, lasted throughout this period, appealing for its justification to nature, religion, and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time. The woman bore children and took care of the home. The man set out to conquer the world and was responsible for the survival of his family, by satisfying their needs in peacetime and by going to war when necessary. [3.］The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes. Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as a threat to the time—honored order of things. It was felt to be against nature, a deviation from the norm．

[4.］The dawn of the third millennium is coinciding with an extraordinary reversal in the power structure. [5.］Not only will the patriarchal system be dead and buried in most of the industrialized West, but we shall see the birth of a new imbalance in the relations between the sexes, this time exclusively to women's advantage．

Part B

Translate into good English the following sentences. (15％)

1．繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求，是當(dāng)前應(yīng)對(duì)亞洲金融危機(jī)和國(guó)際市場(chǎng)變化的正確選擇，也是我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基本立足點(diǎn)和長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)略方針。

2．中國(guó)各民族相互依存的政治，經(jīng)濟(jì)；文化聯(lián)系，使其在長(zhǎng)期的歷史發(fā)展中有著共同的命運(yùn)和共同的利益，產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)固的親合力，凝聚力。

3．當(dāng)前正在進(jìn)行以主課程教材改革為核心的教育改革，改革的中心目標(biāo)是變教育為素質(zhì)教育。

4．中國(guó)的事情能不能辦好，社會(huì)主義和改革開(kāi)放能不能堅(jiān)持，經(jīng)濟(jì)能不能快一點(diǎn)發(fā)展起來(lái)，能不能長(zhǎng)治久安，從一定意義上說(shuō)，關(guān)鍵在人。

5．為了保證人們起碼的生活條件，是公民富裕起來(lái)，中國(guó)正確的選擇就是努力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，調(diào)整人口增長(zhǎng)以適應(yīng)社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。

KEY

Part A

1．但我們今年來(lái)才認(rèn)識(shí)到，確定男女各自的特征并不那么容易，其界限是隨著我們所知的各種文化發(fā)展，科學(xué)上的發(fā)現(xiàn)以及意識(shí)形態(tài)方面的革命而逐漸形成的。

2．這段時(shí)期，男女作用的不同始終存在，有時(shí)還按照等級(jí)森嚴(yán)的模式把它提高到男女有別，不可調(diào)和的程度。為了證明其合理性，人們把這說(shuō)成是據(jù)說(shuō)自開(kāi)天辟地以來(lái)即依存在的天性，宗教和習(xí)俗使然。

3．整個(gè)世界的秩序均建立在男女有別的基礎(chǔ)之上。男女的作用若出現(xiàn)重疊或混淆現(xiàn)象，人們會(huì)認(rèn)為這是對(duì)由來(lái)已久的生活秩序的一種威脅，是建背天性和離經(jīng)叛道的行為。

4．在第三個(gè)千禧年即將來(lái)臨之際，力量結(jié)構(gòu)正在發(fā)生天翻地覆的變化。

5．在大多數(shù)西方工業(yè)化，不僅父權(quán)制將被埋葬掉，而且我們還會(huì)看到男女之間的關(guān)系將產(chǎn)生新的不平衡，而這一次將完全是有利于婦女的。

Part B

1．In light of ［Given] the Asian financial crisis and the changes in the international markets, it is proper/fitting for us to continue boosting/ promoting domestic demand. This constitutes the basic foundation for China's economic development as well as being part of our long—term strategy．

2．Due to/ Because of their interdependent political, economic, and cultural ties, all Chinese nationalities have shared a common destiny and a common interest throughout their long historical development, creating a strong force for affinity and cohesion．

3．An education reform centering on curriculum and teaching materials is under way. As our main goal, we will try to reform the educational system so that it focuses on the enhancement of the students' abilities instead of training them merely to pass exams．

4．In a sense, people are the key to whether we Chinese perform well domestically, whether socialism, the reform and opening are adhered to, whether the economy will grow quickly and the country enjoy long—term peace and stability．

5．To guarantee a minimum standard of living and to improve the citizens' welfare, China's only choice is to strive for economic growth and see to it the population growth conforms to the country's social and economic development．