提到考研英語，各位考生都知道試卷中長難句是避免不了的，而這些長難句分析一直困擾著眾多考生。其實，長難句在考研閱讀、完型填空和翻譯中的出現(xiàn)再難，無論句子有多長、結(jié)構(gòu)有多復雜，它都由一些基本的成分組成的，接下來讓我們一起來學習2022年考研英語長難句分析吧!

108、Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technology yet to come.

本句共有32個詞，屬于考研英語中常見的長難句。

1)長難句分析：

主句：the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction

主語：the author

謂語：produced

賓語：a remarkable work of speculative fiction

2)定語從句(先行詞work，在從句中作主語)：that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technology yet to come

從屬連詞：that(即從句主語，指work)

謂語：would foreshadow

賓語：many ethical questions

定語：to be raised by technology yet to come(修飾questions)

3)before the invention of the electric light bulb屬于由before構(gòu)成的時間狀語，翻譯的時候順譯即可，但是before里面有個of the electric light bulb小定語，需要放在invention前翻譯。

本句為復合句，主句意為：“作者已經(jīng)創(chuàng)作了一部引人注目的推理小說”;定語從句由that引導，用來修飾先行詞questions，表明這些問題的特點。

翻譯：甚至在電燈泡發(fā)明之前，作者就已經(jīng)創(chuàng)作了一部引人注目的推理小說，它預示著未來的技術(shù)將引發(fā)許多倫理問題。

109、For pubulic institutions, state funds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention—so better grades can, by boosting figures like those, mean more money.

本句共有33詞，屬于考研英語中常見的長難句。

1)長難句分析：

主句：state funds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention

主語：state funds

謂語：are sometimes tied partly to

賓語：their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention

2)結(jié)果狀語從句：so better grades can, by boosting figures like those, mean more money

主語：better grades

謂語：can mean

賓語：more money

插入語：by boosting figures like those

本句為復合句，主句意為“基金有時會與它們在畢業(yè)率和學生留校率等指標上的成功有一定關(guān)系”;結(jié)果狀語從句由so引導，表明前面的前面這件事情所帶來的結(jié)果。

參考譯文：對公共機構(gòu)來說，基金有時會與它們在畢業(yè)率和學生留校率等指標上的成功有一定關(guān)系，因此，通過提數(shù)，更好的成績可能意味著更多的錢。

Rather than pulling students back(V-ing短語作狀語)，a gap year(主語) pushes(謂語) them(賓語) ahead(adv作狀語) by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes(by介詞短語作方式狀語) —all things that first-year students(主語) often struggle with(謂語) the most. (that引導定語從句修飾all things，在從句中作struggle with 的賓語，all things 指代破折號前and并列的3個名詞詞組)

翻譯：間隔年不是讓學生后退，而是推動他們向前，讓他們提前為獨立自主，承擔新的責任，適應環(huán)境改變做好準備——所有的這些事兒都總是需要大一新生努力去克服的。

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