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觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題型

對話中對話者對他們談?wù)摰娜嘶蚴鲁质裁从^點(diǎn)或態(tài)度往往含而不露，考生只能根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容的關(guān)鍵詞、上下文甚至語氣、語調(diào)的內(nèi)涵意義并利用邏輯思維能力來進(jìn)行判斷，才能對傳遞的信息進(jìn)行比較深層次的理解。具體表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度時(shí)，可能出現(xiàn)的模式有：間接表達(dá)式，不明說贊成或反對;反問否定式，常委婉地表示質(zhì)疑和反對;委婉謝絕式，先表示肯定、贊成、謝意等，隨后說出真實(shí)看法;看似否定實(shí)為肯定式，如 why not, I can’t agree any more 等。

常見的提問方式有：

How does the man/woman feel about...?

What does the man/woman think of...?

What does the man/woman say about...?

What does the man/woman mean?

地點(diǎn)方向題型

這種類型的考題主要考查學(xué)生對對話地點(diǎn)及人物去向的判斷。其中既有直接提問的，也有間接提問的。

常見的提問形式有：

Where does the conversation probably take place?

Where is the woman going?

Where are the two speakers?

在這類考題中，選項(xiàng)大部分是表示地點(diǎn)場所的名詞，同時(shí)需注意這些名詞前的介詞，如in a bank, in a dining-room, at the airport, at home, on the desk, on the floor等，這些介詞對判斷場所非常有幫助。另外，考生應(yīng)集中注意力去捕捉那些“關(guān)鍵詞”，抓住了“關(guān)鍵詞”，做題就容易多了。以下是一些?？嫉牡攸c(diǎn)及相關(guān)詞，也就是剛才提及的“關(guān)鍵詞”，需重點(diǎn)記憶：

學(xué)校(school)：required course, elective course, quiz, professor, thesis, make-up, credits, master, dormitory, department, lecture, essay, bookshelf, application form, entrance.

旅館(hotel)：reception, book, reservation, tip, check in, single room, double room.

飯店(restaurant)、酒吧(bar)：menu, bill, drink, dessert, soup, steak, beer, appetizer, barbecue, cheese, cream, roast, beer, drink, wine, cafeteria, dining, saloon, pub, snack, bar, recipe.

商店(department store)：supermarket, dress, color, style, fashion, price, bargain, reasonable.

醫(yī)療(medical treatment)：doctor, nurse, patient, surgery, operation, medicine, dose, pill, temperature, headache, sore throat, bad cold, fever, cough, stomachache, heart disease, cancer.

火車(railway)、汽車(motor)、飛機(jī)(airplane)等交通設(shè)施：platform, traffic jam, airport, arrival time, departure, ticket agent, take off, board, land, flight, airlines, freight, passport, visa.

練習(xí)：

1. What does the woman mean?

[A] She knows the guy who will give the lecture.

[B] She thinks the lecture might be informative.

[C] She wants to add something to her lecture.

[D] She’ll finish her report this weekend.

2. Who are the two speakers?

[A] Teacher and student.

轉(zhuǎn)折題型

這種題型出現(xiàn)的頻率很高，其特征是：第一個(gè)說話人所說的不是十分重要;第二個(gè)說話人的答話由兩部分組成：先是一個(gè)簡單的短句，緊接著是一個(gè)較長的句子，短句與長句之間常用but, though, however等轉(zhuǎn)折意思的詞語連接，從而引起的作者態(tài)度及談?wù)撝攸c(diǎn)的變化。

人物身份題型

在這類對話中，由于說話人之間的關(guān)系不同，其用詞、造句、語氣都有區(qū)別。這是聽錄音時(shí)要抓的關(guān)鍵之一，在此基礎(chǔ)上再捕捉有關(guān)信息，然后判斷、推測人物之間的關(guān)系及其身份。這類題比較簡單，考生只要抓住那些與職業(yè)和身份有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞即可回答。這類題目與詢問地點(diǎn)的考題有類似之處。

常見的提問形式有：

Who is the man/woman?

What is the man’s/woman’s job/profession/occupation?

What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?

Who is the man/woman most probably speaking to?

考題中常涉及的職業(yè)或人物身份關(guān)系及相關(guān)信息詞有：

老師和學(xué)生(teacher and student)：grade, mark, score, term, course, assignment, pass, fail, scholarship, tuition, campus, dormitory, lab, experiment...

醫(yī)生和病人(doctor and patient)：fever, cough, cold, headache,injection, prescription, diagnose, temperature, medicine, blood pressure, heart disease, flu, surgery...

侍者和顧客(waiter/waitress and customer)：menu, order, reserve, steak, ham, salad, soup, coffee, juice, hamburger, sandwiches, buffet, bar, brandy, whisky, dessert, tip...

司機(jī)和乘客(driver and passenger)：taxi, fare, get off, change, tip, destination...

老板和秘書(boss and secretary)：typing, operating, copy, files, document, report, telephone, appointment, timetable, arrangement...