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        考研英語詞匯(一百七十)

        工程管理MEM 責(zé)任編輯:楊曼婷 2022-01-25

        摘要:考生們多記單詞不僅能幫助自己理解文章,還能在寫作時(shí)豐富內(nèi)容。以下是希賽網(wǎng)整理的考研英語詞匯(一百七十),希望能對(duì)各位考生有所幫助。更多考研相關(guān)資訊,請(qǐng)關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)MEM頻道。

        英語學(xué)習(xí)始于單詞,考研英語大綱當(dāng)中也要求考生至少要熟練掌握5500左右的單詞數(shù)量。希賽網(wǎng)整理了考研英語常用詞匯(一百七十),供各位研考生查看參考。更多考研英語詞匯內(nèi)容,點(diǎn)擊考研英語常用詞匯匯總進(jìn)行查看。

        1. rally [?r?li] v.(rallies, rallying, rallied, rallied)/n.(rallies)

        v. 召集,聚集;復(fù)原,恢復(fù)健康或精神;價(jià)格回升

        n. 群眾集會(huì),公眾大會(huì);(汽車、摩托車等的)拉力賽,賽車;止跌回升

        固定搭配:rally (sb./sth.) (around/behind/to sb./sth.) 召集,聚集

        拓展:

        同:v. league, restore, assemble n. assembly, feedback, meet, gathering, congregation

        辨:rally和congress

        rally意為“群眾集會(huì),公眾大會(huì)”,指大規(guī)模的群眾性政治集會(huì)。例:The mayor addressed the rally.(那位市長(zhǎng)在公眾集會(huì)上講了話。)

        congress意為“國(guó)會(huì),議會(huì),代表大會(huì)”,指國(guó)會(huì)、議會(huì)、代表大會(huì)等機(jī)構(gòu),尤指經(jīng)選舉產(chǎn)生的立法機(jī)構(gòu)的大會(huì)或由這些機(jī)構(gòu)召開的大會(huì),也可指專業(yè)人員代表大會(huì)。例:Congress will vote on the proposals tomorrow.(國(guó)會(huì)明天將對(duì)提案進(jìn)行投票表決)

        例句:The party have rallied a great deal of support for their campaign.

        該黨派為競(jìng)選活動(dòng)征得了大量的支持。

        After a furious late rally, they finally won.

        他們后來狀態(tài)恢復(fù)迅速,終于贏了。

        2. range [re?nd?] v.(ranges, ranging, ranged, ranged)/n.(ranges)

        v. (在一定的范圍內(nèi))變化;包括(從……到……)之間的各類事物;排列,排序;徘徊,漫步

        n. 一系列;(變動(dòng)或浮動(dòng)的)范圍,界限;種類,類型;視覺(或聽覺)范圍;射程;山脈;靶場(chǎng),射擊場(chǎng)

        固定搭配:range from A to B/between A and B (在一定的范圍內(nèi))變化

        range (from A to B) 包括(從……到……)之間的各類事物

        range yourself/sb. against/with sb./sth. (使)結(jié)伙反對(duì) / 支持……

        range over sth. 涉及,包括

        range (of sth.) 一系列

        in/within range (of sth.) 在可及的范圍內(nèi),在視覺(或聽覺)范圍內(nèi)

        out of range (of sth.) 超出……的范圍,在視覺(或聽覺)范圍之外

        拓展:

        同:n. extent, boundary, region, scope, spectrum, territory, area

        派:ranking adj.上級(jí)的;頭等的;超群的

        rangy adj.又高又瘦的;適于遠(yuǎn)行的;寬廣的

        ranking n.等級(jí);地位

        ranger n.突擊隊(duì)員;漫游者;騎警;別動(dòng)隊(duì)員

        ranging n.排列;測(cè)距修正

        辨:range, field和scope

        range意為“范圍,界限”,指數(shù)、量、年齡等的范圍,常后接具體的上下限額。例:Most workers in that company earn a salary in the range of 4000 yuan to 6000 yuan.(那家公司多數(shù)員工的薪水在4000元到6000元之間。)

        field意為“領(lǐng)域,范圍”,指研究或工作的領(lǐng)域。例:In fact, he is a speculator in the financial field.(實(shí)際上,他是個(gè)金融領(lǐng)域的研究者)

        scope意為“范圍,圈子”,指學(xué)科、活動(dòng)、書籍等的范圍,也指不同的活動(dòng)圈子。例:A discussion of post-colonial issues is within the scope of this book.(對(duì)后殖民主義問題的討論在本書范圍之內(nèi))

        例句:His speech ranged over a number of topics.

        他的演講涉及許多話題。

        The children stayed well out of range of the dogs.

        孩子們離狗遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的。

        3. rank [r??k] v.(ranks, ranking, ranked, ranked)/n.(ranks)

        v. 給……分等級(jí),屬于某等級(jí);排列

        n. (尤指較高的)地位,級(jí)別,職位;軍銜,警銜;普通士兵;等級(jí);(團(tuán)體或組織的)成員;隊(duì)列,行列

        adj. 惡臭的,難聞的;(強(qiáng)調(diào)質(zhì)量、狀況等)極端的,糟糕的,十足的

        固定搭配:rank (sb.) (as sth.) 給……分等級(jí),屬于某等級(jí)

        拓展:

        同:n. degree, classification, row, range, grade v. arrange, form adj. evil, unpleasant, poisonous

        派:ranking adj.上級(jí)的;頭等的;超群的

        ranking n.等級(jí);地位

        ranging n.排列;測(cè)距修正

        ranker n.出身行伍的軍官;士兵;對(duì)某事膽怯或臨陣脫逃的人

        rankness n.繁茂;惡臭

        辨:file, rank和queue

        file意為“縱列”,指人站立或行走時(shí)排成的列。例:The soldiers were walking in double file.(士兵們排成兩列縱隊(duì)前進(jìn))

        rank意為“隊(duì)列,行列”,和file常為軍事用語,前者指肩并肩排列整齊的士兵橫排,后者指縱隊(duì)。例:Rank after rank of liquor bottles are on the shelves.(架子上是一排排的酒瓶)

        queue意為“隊(duì)列”,指人們?yōu)樽瞿呈露许樞蚺懦傻年?duì),在等的過程中不斷向前移動(dòng)。例:There was a queue of traffic waiting at the crossroad.(有一大串車輛在十字路口等候)

        例句:The employees have been ranked in order of their age.

        按照年齡對(duì)雇員進(jìn)行了分類。

        People of high social rank are always held in high esteem .

        社會(huì)地位很高的人總是備受尊重。

        Unexpectedly, the post went to a rank outsider

        出人意料的是,那個(gè)職位竟然落到一個(gè)毫不起眼的人頭上。

        4. rap [r?p] v.(raps, rapping, rapped, rapped)/n.(raps)

        v. 敲擊,敲打;突然厲聲說出;(公開地)嚴(yán)厲批評(píng),嚴(yán)加訓(xùn)斥;說唱

        n. 快速的敲擊;說唱音樂;罪名,判刑;不公正的判決

        固定搭配:rap sth. (out) 突然厲聲說出

        rap sb./sth. (for sth./for doing sth.) (公開地)嚴(yán)厲批評(píng),嚴(yán)加訓(xùn)斥

        (give sb./get) a rap on/over/across the knuckles

        (給某人以 / 受到)嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé),厲聲訓(xùn)斥

        take the rap (for sb./sth.) (無辜)受罰,背黑鍋

        拓展:

        同:v. strike n. bob, peening

        派:rapper n.敲門者;叩擊物

        辨:rap和knock

        rap意為“敲擊,敲打”,指用指關(guān)節(jié)、筆等快速輕敲或急拍,意在引人注意或表示某種情感。例:The teacher rapped on the table for order.(老師敲桌子要求大家安靜)

        knock意為“敲擊,敲打”,指用手掌、拳頭或硬物用力敲打,以引起他人的注意或重視。例:He wondered whether it would be proper to knock at the manager’s door.(他不知道敲經(jīng)理的門是否合適)

        例句:Some of the students were rapped for poor performance.

        一些學(xué)生因?yàn)楸憩F(xiàn)糟糕而受到嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)。

        John always gets a rap over the knuckles for being late.

        約翰總是因?yàn)檫t到而受到嚴(yán)厲訓(xùn)斥。

        5. rape [re?p] v.(rapes, raping, raped, raped)/n.(rapes)

        v. 強(qiáng)暴,強(qiáng)奸

        n. 強(qiáng)奸罪;肆意損壞,肆意糟蹋

        拓展:

        同:v. harry, despoil n. violation, cole

        派:rapacious adj.貪婪的;掠奪的

        rapist n.強(qiáng)奸犯

        raper n.強(qiáng)奸犯

        rapacity n.貪婪;掠奪

        rapeseed n.油菜籽

        例句:A young woman was brutally raped on the way home.

        一些學(xué)生因?yàn)楸憩F(xiàn)糟糕而受到嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)。

        As a result of the rape of the forests, the region is now short of water.

        一名年輕女子在回家路上慘遭強(qiáng)暴。

        6. rapid [?r?p?d] adj.

        adj. 瞬間的,瞬時(shí)發(fā)生的;迅速的,快速的

        拓展:

        同:adj. fast, forward, ready, express, quick

        派:rapidly adv.迅速地;很快地;立即

        rapidity n.迅速,急速;速度;險(xiǎn)峻

        rapidness n.快;迅速

        辨:rapid和quick

        rapid意為“迅速的,快速的”,指快速發(fā)生或完成的。例:After recuperation, the patient made a rapid recovery.(經(jīng)過調(diào)養(yǎng),病人很快恢復(fù)了健康)

        quick意為“迅速的,腦子反應(yīng)快的”,指持續(xù)或耗費(fèi)時(shí)間短的,移動(dòng)、做事等速度快的,或指人聰明、機(jī)敏的。例:The student is a quick learner.(那名學(xué)生學(xué)東西很快)

        例句:After recuperation, the patient made a rapid recovery.

        經(jīng)過調(diào)養(yǎng),病人很快恢復(fù)了健康。

        The contagion is spreading at a rapid rate.

        這種傳染病正在迅速蔓延。

        7. rash [r??] n.(rashes)

        n. 皮疹,疹子;大量,許多(令人不快的事情)

        adj. 草率的,魯莽的,輕率的

        拓展:

        同:n. quat, tetter adj. hasty, imprudent

        派:rashly adv.輕率地;魯莽地;無見識(shí)地

        rashness n.輕率;皮膚上短暫出現(xiàn)的疹子

        例句:There has been a rash of burglaries in the village over the last month.

        近一個(gè)月村里發(fā)生了很多起入室行竊案。

        A lot of small companies went bankrupt as a result of rash speculation.

        許多小公司的破產(chǎn)都是輕率的投機(jī)造成的。

        8. rat [r?t] v.(rats, ratting, ratted, ratted)/n.(rats)

        v. 泄密,告密;背棄諾言

        n. 卑鄙小人,騙子

        固定搭配:rat on sb. 泄密,告密

        rat on sth. 背棄諾言

        拓展:

        同:v. mouse, inform n. traitor, betrayer

        派:ratty adj.像老鼠的;破爛的

        ratter n.捕鼠者;叛徒

        辨:rat, betray和grass on

        rat意為“泄密,告密;背棄諾言”,主要指向掌權(quán)者告發(fā)某人,也指違背所作的承諾,常后接介詞 on。例:The government is accused of ratting on its promises to the people.(政府被指責(zé)對(duì)人民背信棄義)

        betray意為“背叛,出賣,泄露”,主要指不忠于誓約或辜負(fù)信任;也可以指有意泄露秘密或出于無意暴露隱蔽的事物。例:She studied the recording, but it betrayed nothing.(她研究了錄音,但什么也沒有看出來)

        grass on意為“告密,告發(fā)”,主要指向警方告發(fā)某人的違法活動(dòng)。例:His wife wants him to grass on other accomplices.(妻子要他向警方告發(fā)其他同伙)

        例句:The government is accused of ratting on its promises to the people.

        政府被指責(zé)對(duì)人民背信棄義。

        Having a rat as a pet is considered sick.

        養(yǎng)只耗子當(dāng)寵物被認(rèn)為是變態(tài)。

        9. rather [?rɑ?e?(r)] adv.

        adv. 相當(dāng),某種程度上;有點(diǎn)兒,稍微;更準(zhǔn)確地說;相反,反而

        拓展:

        同:adv. soon, first, lot, bit, preferably

        例句:The walls were not white, but rather a sort of light grey.

        墻面不是白的,而是淺灰的。

        People in this region would rather work than live on welfare.

        這個(gè)地區(qū)的人們寧愿工作而不愿靠社會(huì)保障金過活。

        10. ratio [?re??i??] n.(ratios)

        n. 比例,比率

        固定搭配:ratio (of A to B) 比例,比率

        拓展:

        同:n. rate, scale

        派:rateable adj.按比例的;可估價(jià)的;應(yīng)納稅的(等于ratable)

        例句:The ratio of men to women in the department is out of proportion.

        這個(gè)部門的男女比例不協(xié)調(diào)。

        The ratio of applications to available places currently stands at 125:1.

        目前,申請(qǐng)人數(shù)和就業(yè)崗位的比例為125:1。

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